Introduction

Tucked away on Sri Lanka’s serene eastern edge lies Kumana National Park, a realm where wetlands shimmer, mangroves whisper, and the air hums with birdsong. Once known as Yala East, this park is now celebrated as the island’s premier birdwatching destination, home to both migratory visitors and graceful local species.

Here, nature slows to the rhythm of water and wing — a quiet, meditative world where every sunrise feels like a beginning.

About the Park

• Location: Southeastern coast, adjoining Yala East
• Size: ~35,664 hectares
• Established: 1970 to conserve vital wetlands and bird nesting habitats
• Feature: A nesting and breeding ground for over 250 resident and migratory bird species.

Kumana National Park, once known as Yala East, is a sanctuary for birdlife and serenity seekers. Its shallow lagoons, mangroves, and swamp forests host over 250 bird species, including the globally rare black-necked stork and the Eurasian spoonbill. During the migratory season, the Kumana Villu wetland transforms into a spectacle of sound and color. Elephants and leopards also roam its quieter inland tracts, adding wild balance to its avian fame.

Wildlife Highlights

• 🐦 Over 250 species of birds, including painted storks, pelicans, spoonbills, and migratory herons.
• 🐘 Asian elephants, often wandering the grasslands and forest edges.
• 🐆 Occasional sightings of the elusive Sri Lankan leopard.
• 🐊 Mugger crocodiles, turtles, and herds of spotted deer along the waterways.

Wilpattu rewards quiet observation; sightings may require time, but they are often unforgettable.

Best Time to Visit

Kumana’s peak season aligns with the dry months of March to August, coinciding with the breeding and nesting season for many bird species. During this time, the Kumana Villu wetlands come alive with vibrant avian activity.

• Dry Season (Mar to Aug): Ideal for birdwatching and photography.
• Wet Season (Sep to Feb): Lush greenery, migratory birds, and fewer crowds.
• Apr to Jun: Prime nesting season, offering exceptional sightings.

Getting There

Kumana lies about 391 km from Colombo and 22 km south of Arugam Bay, a drive that winds through quiet coastal villages and paddy fields. The journey from Arugam Bay typically takes around 1 hour by private transfer, making it an ideal day safari for travelers based on the East Coast.

• From Arugam Bay / Pottuvil: Most convenient route for day visitors
• From Panama Village: Final access point before the park entrance
• Nearest Airstrip: Batticaloa (for domestic flights)

Safari Experience

Safaris in Kumana are serene and soulful, an exploration of coastal lagoons, dune-fringed wetlands, and quiet forest clearings alive with birdlife. Expect sightings of painted storks, ibises, pelicans, and, occasionally, leopards or elephants wandering inland. Safaris are conducted in open 4x4 jeeps with expert local guides who understand the rhythms of both the land and its birds.

• Morning Drives: Best for bird activity and soft golden light (approx. 6:00 AM – 9:30 AM).
• Afternoon Drives: Ideal for photography and waterbird congregation at lagoons (approx. 3:00 PM – 6:00 PM).
• Options: Half-day and full-day safaris available; multi-day stays recommended for birdwatchers and wildlife photographers seeking rare migratory species.

Explore Kumana Safaris →

Conservation & Responsibility

Kumana’s wetlands are a sanctuary for resident and migratory birds, many of which depend on the park’s seasonal lagoons for breeding. Conservation efforts target habitat protection and controlling human-wildlife conflict near its borders.

By joining guided eco-safaris and adhering to ethical viewing distances, visitors help ensure the continued safety of nesting colonies and waterbird populations. Eco-conscious travel here directly supports the park’s ongoing research and conservation initiatives.

Practical Information

Nearby & Suggested Extensions

• 🏄 Arugam Bay: A short drive away; perfect for surf, beach relaxation, and boutique stays.
• 🌊 Lahugala National Park: A small, picturesque reserve ideal for elephant spotting.
• 🏞️ Gal Oya National Park: Known for its boat safaris and island-dotted reservoir.
• 🏯 Pottuvil & Panama: Traditional coastal villages rich in cultural encounters.

Combine your Kumana birdwatching safari with these nearby wonders for a journey that blends wilderness, coast, and culture.